Research Library: Scientific Articles, Monographs, and More
ILSI entities around the world publish scientific research articles, literature reviews, gap analyses, and meeting proceedings in peer-reviewed journals and publications. Our research has a flawless track record. In fact, not one of the 1,000+ articles ILSI has published since our organization's founding has ever been retracted.
In addition, ILSI publishes books, monographs, white papers, and newsletters. Our commitment to the highest scientific standards and our adherence to rigorous scientific principles demonstrate ILSI's integrity in research.
Browse ILSI's research publications, including the latest findings and in-depth analyses that contribute to advancing knowledge in the nutrition, food safety, sustainability, and health fields. Whether you're a fellow researcher, a student, or simply curious, our scientific articles provide valuable insights into the work that drives innovation and discovery.
Below, our publications are listed by publication date, from the newest article to the oldest. You can also filter the list by title or publication type.
The PRObiotic human study Design And REporting recommendations provide a structured framework for designing and reporting human studies with probiotics, addressing challenges related to product viability.
ILSI India’s Knowledge Centre on Functional Foods, Immunity and Gut Health (K-FFIG) has published a “Guidance Document on the Use of Traditional Knowledge in Scientific Evidence-Based Novel Foods and Ingredients”, aimed at enabling the responsible translation of traditional wisdom into validated, safe, and effective food solutions for public benefit.
Low water activity ingredients, including dried fruits, vegetables, herbs, and spices, are widely used in ready-to-eat (RTE) and non-RTE foods. Although low water activity limits microbial growth, bacterial pathogens can survive for extended periods in these products. Pathogen virulence, incorporation of dried ingredients in foods, and subsequent handling of the finished foods can collectively contribute to foodborne illness risk. This review summarizes the microbiological hazards associated with dried ingredients and discusses the effectiveness of conventional and emerging decontamination treatments for reducing pathogen levels. To support the evaluation of dried ingredients for RTE and non-RTE food applications, a qualitative risk-based microbiological decision framework is presented, along with practical examples demonstrating its use to rank risks and identify appropriate mitigation strategies. The framework considers the ingredient supply chain from production and harvest through packaging of finished products and integrates available outbreak, pathogen prevalence and levels, and product-specific data. This framework is intended to support the food manufacturing and food service sectors by providing a transparent, structured approach for evaluating, managing, and communicating pathogen risks associated with dry ingredients.
The PRObiotic human study Design And REporting recommendations provide a structured framework for designing and reporting human studies with probiotics, addressing challenges related to product viability. Five main study types are identified. Exploratory studies are early-phase, first-in-human investigations designed to evaluate effects or generate hypotheses and require specification of strain, dose, stability, and assessment of acceptance and adverse events. Pilot studies assess the feasibility of protocols and logistics before larger trials, with clearly defined objectives, compliance measures, and data management plans. Randomized controlled trials represent the reference standard for evaluating efficacy and safety and include the use of core outcome sets, blinding procedures, and adherence monitoring. Real-world studies evaluate effectiveness outside controlled research settings and require detailed protocols, comprehensive data capture, and predefined approaches for handling inconsistencies. Observational cohort studies examine associations between probiotic exposure and outcomes over time, with clearly defined endpoints, cohort selection criteria, and analysis plans. Across all study types, probiotic-specific considerations include strain characterization and sequencing, verification of identity, purity, viability, antimicrobial resistance, minimization of confounding factors, management of cross-contamination, and consistency of dosage. These recommendations aim to enhance study quality and reporting and to guide researchers in selecting study designs appropriate to their objectives.
A Framework for Developing Intake and Use Guidance for Dietary Supplement Bioactives
Dietary bioactives, which are commonly found in food, beverages, and dietary supplements, include nonessential food components that can support health beyond preventing nutrient deficiencies. Despite their known health benefits and potential for adverse effects, there is limited guidance on appropriate intake levels, safety, and efficacy of these ingredients, particularly those present in dietary supplements. This lack of guidance can be challenging for individuals attempting to make informed decisions about products marketed for health benefits. A previously published perspective proposed a 4-step framework for developing quantitative intake recommendations for bioactive constituents in food. This framework addressed bioactive characterization, safety evaluation, efficacy assessment, and how to develop intake levels from foods. However, it did not account for the unique considerations of bioactives consumed in dietary supplement form. The current paper builds on the original framework by addressing the specific factors that must be considered when developing intake guidance for bioactive constituents found in dietary supplements. These include differences in dose, matrix, purity, bioavailability, and intended use. In doing so, this paper aims to advance the development of evidence-based recommendations for supplements, while also highlighting the fundamental distinctions between bioactive constituents delivered through food and diet compared with those delivered through dietary supplements.
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