ILSI entities around the world publish scientific research articles, literature reviews, gap analyses, and meeting proceedings in peer-reviewed journals and publications. Our research has a flawless track record. In fact, not one of the 1,000+ articles ILSI has published since our organization's founding has ever been retracted.
In addition, ILSI publishes books, monographs, white papers, and newsletters. Our commitment to the highest scientific standards and our adherence to rigorous scientific principles demonstrate ILSI's integrity in research.

Browse ILSI's research publications, including the latest findings and in-depth analyses that contribute to advancing knowledge in the nutrition, food safety, sustainability, and health fields. Whether you're a fellow researcher, a student, or simply curious, our scientific articles provide valuable insights into the work that drives innovation and discovery.
Below, our publications are listed by publication date, from the newest article to the oldest. You can also filter the list by title or publication type.
ILSI's Research Library:
Publication Date
Journal Articles
The Use and Effectiveness of Selected Alternative Markers for Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Compared with Gold Standard Markers in Dietary Intervention Studies in Individuals without Diabetes: Results of a Systematic Review
Nutrients, 2022
- ILSI Europe
Commissioned by the Obesity and Diabetes Task Force
A Systematic Review of Physical Activity Intervention Programs in ASEAN Countries: Efficacy and Future Directions
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022
- ILSI Southeast Asia Region
Maternal diet, nutritional status and infant birth weight in Malaysia: a scoping review
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2022
- ILSI Southeast Asia Region
Animal-free strategies in food safety & nutrition: What are we waiting for? Part II: Nutrition research
Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2022
- ILSI Europe
Commissioned by the Alternatives to Animal Testing in Food Safety, Nutrition and Efficacy Studies Task Force.
Allergen quantitative risk assessment within food operations: Concepts towards development of practical guidance based on an ILSI Europe workshop
Food Control, 2022
- ILSI Europe
Commissioned by the Food Allergy Task Force.
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Nutrition Security and Societal Aspects
Background: The gold-standard techniques for measuring insulin sensitivity and secretion are well established. However, they may be perceived as invasive and expensive for use in dietary intervention studies. Thus, surrogate markers have been proposed as alternative markers for insulin sensitivity and secretion. This systematic review aimed to identify markers of insulin sensitivity and secretion in response to dietary intervention and assess their suitability as surrogates for the gold-standard methodology. Methods: Three databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane were searched, intervention studies and randomised controlled trials reporting data on dietary intake, a gold standard of analysis of insulin sensitivity (either euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp or intravenous glucose tolerance test and secretion (acute insulin response to glucose), as well as surrogate markers for insulin sensitivity (either fasting insulin, area under the curve oral glucose tolerance tests and HOMA-IR) and insulin secretion (disposition index), were selected. Results: We identified thirty-five studies that were eligible for inclusion. We found insufficient evidence to predict insulin sensitivity and secretion with surrogate markers when compared to gold standards in nutritional intervention studies. Conclusions: Future research is needed to investigate if surrogate measures of insulin sensitivity and secretion can be repeatable and reproducible in the same way as gold standards.
Keywords ExpandInsulin Sensitivity; Insulin Secretion; Gold Standard; Surrogate Markers; Dietary Intervention Studies
To download this open-access article, please click here.
This work was commissioned by the Obesity and Diabetes Task Force.
[post_title] => The Use and Effectiveness of Selected Alternative Markers for Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Compared with Gold Standard Markers in Dietary Intervention Studies in Individuals without Diabetes: Results of a Systematic Review [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => the-use-and-effectiveness-of-selected-alternative-markers-for-insulin-sensitivity-and-secretion-compared-with-gold-standard-markers-in-dietary-intervention-studies-in-individuals-without-diabetes-res [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2022-05-31 05:10:37 [post_modified_gmt] => 2022-05-31 09:10:37 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://ilsi.org/?post_type=publication&p=32510 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => publication [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [1] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 32743 [post_author] => 349 [post_date] => 2022-06-23 21:47:49 [post_date_gmt] => 2022-06-24 01:47:49 [post_content] =>A systematic review was conducted on the efficacy of interventions to improve physical activity. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were scanned for eligible studies published from 1978 to August 2021, resulting in a total of 52 relevant studies for review. The Downs and Black checklist was used as a quality assessment tool for risk of bias assessment. The 52 studies were then broadly categorised into three major approach types: informational, behavioural and/or social, as well as direct. Within each major approach, studies were further sub-categorised into more specific intervention types before being assessed for their efficacy and applicability. Overall, the intervention types that seemed to be the most efficacious in increasing physical activity levels were those that involved home-based information provision, community-wide campaigns, incentivised change, individually adapted health behaviour programs, family-based social support interventions and the provision of self-monitoring tools. However, the results must be interpreted holistically, as many of the successful interventions included more than one approach type and success is likely contingent on effectively addressing several concurrent facets.
To access the journal article, please click here.
[post_title] => A Systematic Review of Physical Activity Intervention Programs in ASEAN Countries: Efficacy and Future Directions [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => a-systematic-review-of-physical-activity-intervention-programs-in-asean-countries-efficacy-and-future-directions [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2023-10-04 22:02:11 [post_modified_gmt] => 2023-10-05 02:02:11 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://ilsi.org/publication/a-systematic-review-of-physical-activity-intervention-programs-in-asean-countries-efficacy-and-future-directions/ [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => publication [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [2] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 32759 [post_author] => 349 [post_date] => 2022-06-27 22:05:03 [post_date_gmt] => 2022-06-28 02:05:03 [post_content] =>Women's diet and nutritional status during pregnancy are important in influencing birth outcomes. We conducted a systematic scoping review of the best available evidence regarding the dietary intake of Malaysian pregnant women, and the associations of maternal diet, anthropometry, and nutrition-related co-morbidities with the infant's birth weight (IBW). The study objectives were to examine: (1) the adequacy of micronutrient intake among pregnant women; and (2) the association of maternal factors (anthropometry, diet, plasma glucose and blood pressure) during pregnancy with IBW.
To access the journal article, please click here.
[post_title] => Maternal diet, nutritional status and infant birth weight in Malaysia: a scoping review [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => maternal-diet-nutritional-status-and-infant-birth-weight-in-malaysia-a-scoping-review [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2022-06-27 22:08:03 [post_modified_gmt] => 2022-06-28 02:08:03 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://ilsi.org/publication/maternal-diet-nutritional-status-and-infant-birth-weight-in-malaysia-a-scoping-review/ [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => publication [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [3] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 32511 [post_author] => 24 [post_date] => 2022-05-31 04:54:54 [post_date_gmt] => 2022-05-31 08:54:54 [post_content] =>Alternatives to Animal Testing in Food Safety, Nutrition and Efficacy Studies
NEW APPROACHES FOR FOOD SAFETY
Background: Methods and approaches that can be used in food and nutrition research are changing at a faster pace than ever. Whereas animal methods are mostly known for their use in food safety analysis (see Part I), they also play in important role in proof-of-concept and mechanistic studies of products, as well as studying potency, efficacy, and tolerance of foods and food ingredients. Members of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Europe have formed an expert group to review possibilities, opportunities, and challenges for the potential use of alternative testing strategies in nutrition research and regulatory requirements, supporting the 3Rs principle of Replacement, Reduction, Refinement of animal research, which can ultimately be used in support of regulatory submissions for pre-market authorisation.
Scope and approach: For the different areas of food for specific groups and health claims, the acceptability of non-animal approaches is evaluated in comparison to legislative requirements in Europe. The alternative approaches considered cover emerging tools and methodologies such as organoids, organs-on-a-chip or human in vitro gastrointestinal simulators.
Conclusions: In nutrition research, there has been a long tradition of following a certain experimental trajectory for grounding scientific hypotheses starting from in vitro data moving on to in vivo verification in a preferred animal model and finally proving this in a human setting. From a regulatory perspective there is no specific requirement for animal experimentation that justifies the use of the majority of animal experiments in the
assessment of nutritional content and value of food products. However, animal data are mostly considered as the standard, and guidance for alternative approaches that would be accepted is lacking. It is therefore important to further build evidence and offer validation for the adequacy of already existing in vitro tools to ensure their suitability for substantiating dose levels and further planning clinical trials. What are we waiting for? Keywords ExpandNon-animal testing, Nutrition research, Regulation
To download this open-access article, please click here.
This work was commissioned by the Alternatives to Animal Testing in Food Safety, Nutrition and Efficacy Studies Task Force.
[post_title] => Animal-free strategies in food safety & nutrition: What are we waiting for? Part II: Nutrition research [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => animal-free-strategies-in-food-safety-nutrition-what-are-we-waiting-for-part-ii-nutrition-research [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2023-04-13 10:52:34 [post_modified_gmt] => 2023-04-13 14:52:34 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://ilsi.org/?post_type=publication&p=32511 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => publication [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [4] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 31977 [post_author] => 24 [post_date] => 2022-04-13 11:14:07 [post_date_gmt] => 2022-04-13 16:14:07 [post_content] =>Food Allergy Task Force
NEW APPROACHES FOR FOOD SAFETY
Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) for allergens exists in many different forms with different requirements placed on the risk assessor depending on the question that needs to be answered. An electronic workshop held in October 2020 and comprising representatives from a wide range of food allergy and allergen stakeholder groups identified that a summary of current best in class guidance, identified gaps, potential improvements & harmonization of allergen QRA arising largely from cross contact would be very beneficial. The current manuscript provides an introduction to allergen QRA and an overview of inputs potentially needed for different QRA methods, when deemed feasible and necessary. It also introduces the European branch of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI Europe) Expert Group (EG), created to attempt to achieve consensus on the methodologies needed for allergen QRAs by food business operators, and their implementation. Areas of focus include proactive assessments for food production under normal conditions, both in the upstream supply chain and in food production facilities, and reactive assessments as part of an allergen incident response. As a follow-up report to the October 2020 electronic workshop, the current manuscript provides an overview of allergen QRA and insights into the guidance being developed. This manuscript will itself be followed by more detailed guidance for allergen QRA published open access as an ILSI Europe report.
Link to download the full-text
Keywords ExpandAllergens; Quantitative risk assessment (QRA); Supply chain; Incidents; Cross-contact; Precautionary allergen labelling (PAL)
[post_title] => Allergen quantitative risk assessment within food operations: Concepts towards development of practical guidance based on an ILSI Europe workshop [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => allergen-quantitative-risk-assessment-within-food-operations-concepts-towards-development-of-practical-guidance-based-on-an-ilsi-europe-workshop [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2023-01-04 06:38:08 [post_modified_gmt] => 2023-01-04 11:38:08 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://ilsi.org/?post_type=publication&p=31977 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => publication [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) ) [post_count] => 5 [current_post] => -1 [before_loop] => [in_the_loop] => [post] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 32510 [post_author] => 24 [post_date] => 2022-05-30 03:04:45 [post_date_gmt] => 2022-05-30 07:04:45 [post_content] =>Obesity and Diabetes
Nutrition Security and Societal Aspects
Background: The gold-standard techniques for measuring insulin sensitivity and secretion are well established. However, they may be perceived as invasive and expensive for use in dietary intervention studies. Thus, surrogate markers have been proposed as alternative markers for insulin sensitivity and secretion. This systematic review aimed to identify markers of insulin sensitivity and secretion in response to dietary intervention and assess their suitability as surrogates for the gold-standard methodology. Methods: Three databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane were searched, intervention studies and randomised controlled trials reporting data on dietary intake, a gold standard of analysis of insulin sensitivity (either euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp or intravenous glucose tolerance test and secretion (acute insulin response to glucose), as well as surrogate markers for insulin sensitivity (either fasting insulin, area under the curve oral glucose tolerance tests and HOMA-IR) and insulin secretion (disposition index), were selected. Results: We identified thirty-five studies that were eligible for inclusion. We found insufficient evidence to predict insulin sensitivity and secretion with surrogate markers when compared to gold standards in nutritional intervention studies. Conclusions: Future research is needed to investigate if surrogate measures of insulin sensitivity and secretion can be repeatable and reproducible in the same way as gold standards.
Keywords ExpandInsulin Sensitivity; Insulin Secretion; Gold Standard; Surrogate Markers; Dietary Intervention Studies
To download this open-access article, please click here.
This work was commissioned by the Obesity and Diabetes Task Force.
[post_title] => The Use and Effectiveness of Selected Alternative Markers for Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Compared with Gold Standard Markers in Dietary Intervention Studies in Individuals without Diabetes: Results of a Systematic Review [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => closed [ping_status] => closed [post_password] => [post_name] => the-use-and-effectiveness-of-selected-alternative-markers-for-insulin-sensitivity-and-secretion-compared-with-gold-standard-markers-in-dietary-intervention-studies-in-individuals-without-diabetes-res [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2022-05-31 05:10:37 [post_modified_gmt] => 2022-05-31 09:10:37 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://ilsi.org/?post_type=publication&p=32510 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => publication [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [comment_count] => 0 [current_comment] => -1 [found_posts] => 573 [max_num_pages] => 115 [max_num_comment_pages] => 0 [is_single] => [is_preview] => [is_page] => [is_archive] => [is_date] => [is_year] => [is_month] => [is_day] => [is_time] => [is_author] => [is_category] => [is_tag] => [is_tax] => [is_search] => [is_feed] => [is_comment_feed] => [is_trackback] => [is_home] => 1 [is_privacy_policy] => [is_404] => [is_embed] => [is_paged] => 1 [is_admin] => [is_attachment] => [is_singular] => [is_robots] => [is_favicon] => [is_posts_page] => [is_post_type_archive] => [query_vars_hash:WP_Query:private] => 0b6b571b491089b07d5c1574322f1679 [query_vars_changed:WP_Query:private] => [thumbnails_cached] => [allow_query_attachment_by_filename:protected] => [stopwords:WP_Query:private] => [compat_fields:WP_Query:private] => Array ( [0] => query_vars_hash [1] => query_vars_changed ) [compat_methods:WP_Query:private] => Array ( [0] => init_query_flags [1] => parse_tax_query ) )