ILSI entities around the world publish scientific research articles, literature reviews, gap analyses, and meeting proceedings in peer-reviewed journals and publications. Our research has a flawless track record. In fact, not one of the 1,000+ articles ILSI has published since our organization's founding has ever been retracted.
In addition, ILSI publishes books, monographs, white papers, and newsletters. Our commitment to the highest scientific standards and our adherence to rigorous scientific principles demonstrate ILSI's integrity in research.
Browse ILSI's research publications, including the latest findings and in-depth analyses that contribute to advancing knowledge in the nutrition, food safety, sustainability, and health fields. Whether you're a fellow researcher, a student, or simply curious, our scientific articles provide valuable insights into the work that drives innovation and discovery.
Below, our publications are listed by publication date, from the newest article to the oldest. You can also filter the list by title or publication type.
ILSI's Research Library:
Publication Date
All Publications
Impact of non-digestible carbohydrates and prebiotics on immunity, infections, inflammation and vaccine responses: a systematic review of evidence in healthy humans and a discussion of mechanistic proposals
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2025
- ILSI Europe
ILSI Europe perspective review: site-specific microbiota changes during pregnancy associated with biological consequences and clinical outcomes: opportunities for probiotic interventions
Gut Microbes, 2025
- ILSI Europe
This perspective examines how pregnancy-related microbial shifts, both natural andprobiotic-induced, affect maternal and fetal health and highlights potential opportunities for theinnovative use of probiotics during the gestation period
Infografía III Principios de la Alimentación Saludable y Sostenible.
2025
- ILSI Nor-Andino
Las infografías elaboradas por el grupo de trabajo de Sistemas Alimentarios y Alimentación Sostenible de ILSI Nor Andino tienen como objetivo sensibilizar y educar sobre la importancia de una alimentación y agricultura sostenibles. A través de información clara y visualmente atractiva, se destacan las claves para fortalecer la resiliencia de los sistemas alimentarios, proteger los recursos naturales y promover dietas saludables sostenibles que beneficien tanto la salud humana como el medio ambiente. Estas herramientas buscan generar conciencia y promover acciones que contribuyan al bienestar social, económico y ambiental, alineadas con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS).
“Postbiotic: Recent Studies and Publications” under K-FFIG Resource Centre
NA, 2025
- ILSI-India
K-FFIG has recently updated an Online “Resource Centre” with “Postbiotic: Recent Studies and Publications”. It is compilation of Studies and Articles from 2016 onwards, on different aspects of Postbiotics. The Access is Free.
For More Information Look at K-FFIG Data Resource Centre at:
Urbansus: segurança alimentar e mudanças climáticas
2025
- ILSI Brasil
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Abstract
Prebiotics, particularly non-digestible carbohydrates (NDCs), are increasingly recognized for their role in modulating immune responses in the gut, lungs, and urinary tract. This review systematically evaluates evidence from human studies on the effects of NDCs and prebiotics on immune markers, infection risk and severity, inflammation, and vaccine responses. Prebiotics such as inulin, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) positively influence gut microbiota by promoting beneficial species like Bifidobacteria. They also enhance the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like butyrate, which interact with immune cells via G-protein-coupled receptors, inducing anti-inflammatory effects. In addition to microbiota-mediated mechanisms, NDCs and prebiotics may directly affect immune and epithelial cells by interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), enhancing gut barrier function, and modulating immunity. A systematic review of human studies showed that prebiotics, including GOS, FOS, and 2′-fucosyllactose (2FL), reduced infections and increased IgA in healthy infants, while yeast β-glucan reduced respiratory infection symptoms in healthy adults. Yeast β-glucan and GOS supplementation resulted in improvements in NK cell activity. Some effects on vaccine efficacy were noted in young adults, but the overall impact of NDCs and prebiotics on vaccination and systemic inflammation was inconsistent. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms involved and to optimize health applications.
Keywords
prebiotic; non-digestible carbohydrates; immunity; infection; inflammation; microbiota
Read the full papaer
Commissionned by the Prebiotics Task Force
One-pager
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Abstract
Pregnancy induces notable alterations in the gut, vaginal, and oral microbiota driven by hormonal,immune, metabolic, dietary, and environmental factors. During pregnancy, the gut microbiota ischaracterized by increased proportions of the genus Bifidobacterium and the phylaPseudomonadota (formerly Proteobacteria) and Actinomycetota (formerly Actinobacteria). Thesechanges occur alongside reduced alpha diversity and greater beta diversity, changes that influencematernal metabolism and fetal development. Shifts in gut and oral microbiota have been asso-ciated with complications such as preterm birth (PTB), pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes(GDM), though patterns are sometimes inconsistent. The vaginal microbiota remains Lactobacillus-dominant during pregnancy, with reduced diversity leading to reduced risk of pathogenic infectionand increased diversity has been linked with a higher risk of PTB. Hormonal changes also affect theoral microbiota, potentially increasing pathogenic species and contributing to adverse outcomeslike PTB. Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy has significant potential to reduce adversepregnancy outcomes; however, clinical studies are still limited. Probiotics may be effective inalleviating maternal constipation and lead to lower PTB risk, particularly by modulating the vaginalmicrobiota, but they have limited impact on GDM. In the context of maternal mental health, somestudies suggest benefits of probiotics in reducing anxiety, but effects on depression are incon-clusive. This perspective examines how pregnancy-related microbial shifts, both natural andprobiotic-induced, affect maternal and fetal health and highlights potential opportunities for theinnovative use of probiotics during the gestation period.
Read the full paper
This work was commissionned by the Probiotics Task Force
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Abstract
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Keywords
prebiotic; non-digestible carbohydrates; immunity; infection; inflammation; microbiota
Read the full papaer
Commissionned by the Prebiotics Task Force
One-pager
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